Nozzle for spray guns



Ust. M, i952 c. L. REINHOLD NOZZLE FOR SPRAY GUNS Filed Dec. 29, 1948 Ill /n ven for Char/esLRe/'nho/d Patented @et 14, 1952 f unirse si" NGZZLE FOR SPRAY 'GUNS Charles L. Reinhold, Geneva, Switzerland Application December 29, 1948, Serial No. 67,779 lin Switzerland January 2, 1948 7 claims. (o1. 29e-4140.1)

This invention relates to a nozzle for the atomization of liquids. It is composed of an external nozzle, having an axial hole for the escape of the compressed air and a jet for the liquid the aperture of which is situated in the vicinity or" said axial hole. The air escaping through the nozzle expands and atomizes the liquid escaping through the jet.

I have established that the output of kthe jet l is not only proportional to its diameter but that it is also influenced by the distance between the jet and the escape hole of the nozzle. The output of the jet decreases as the distance between the aperture of the jet and the aperture of the nozzle increases.

The enclosed drawings show under Fig. l an axial out of a nozzle according to the invention; Fig. 2 is a frontal view.

A nozzle I is resting on a cylindrical extension of a housing 2. vThe nozzle I has a cylindrical hole 3 bored in its center for the escape of the compressed air. Resting in the bore of the nozzle l is a deflector Il having a set of 4 ribs 5 the aim of which is rto deect the air stream passing through the nozzle. The washer 6 made of synthetic rubber provides a seal between the deiiector l and the nozzle I.

A jet 'l is set co-axially with the nozzle I. The jet 'l has an aperture s and is maintained by the pressure of a spring 9 resting on a shoulder of the ribs 5. The jet 'l can reciprocate on a cylindrical pipe Ii) locked into the housing 2. A valve II is locked in the pipe EI) and seals the aperture 8. This Valve I I has an aXial bore I2 communicating with radial apertures I2.

A leather washer I@ creates a seal between the jet 'I and the pipe I6 and is compressedby the actionof the spring 9 between the jet 'l and the washer l5. A rod I'l transmits the motion of a trigger not shown on the drawing to a member It which in turn actuates the jet 'l with its washers Ill and I5. To insure a good contact between the member I and the rod Il a ball I8 is set into the rod I'I.

The above described nozzle works as follows:

The nozzle I is run through by a stream of air escaping through the opening 3, and the pipe IIJ is filled with a liquid subjected to a slight pressure; the liquid cannot escape from the jet 'I because the aperture 8 is sealed by the valve II. If the trigger (not shown) is pulled, the rod Il pushes the member I6 which is forced towards the left side of the drawing together with the jet 'l and` the washers Ii and l5. Since the valve II and the member III are locked while the jet 'I is displaced towards the leit,.the aperture is unsealed which allows the liquid to escape through the channel I2 and the radial holes I2 and through the aperture 8 into the air stream rushing through the nozzle.

If the jet 'I is displaced only slightly the aperture 3 is not completelyy freed by the valve II and the quantity of liquid which is allowed'to escape is thus limited. If the distance between the aperture 8 and the valve II is increased, the quantity oi liquid escaping increases proportionally. On the other hand, while the distance between the aperture S and the valve II is increased, the distance between said aperture S and the aperture 3 of the nozzle decreases an equivalent length. The closer the aperture 8 of the jet 'I comes to the aperture 3 of the nozzle I the more said aperture 8 is subjected to the suction of the escaping air stream. The result is that the quantity of liquid escaping through the jet 'l increases proportionally as it cornes closerto the aperture 3 of the nozzle. When the jet 'I reaches the location of the dotted line 'l' the output attains its maximum.

An adjustment screw (not shown on the drawing) enables limitations of travel of the rodl'l and consequently the displacement of the jet l. It is thus possible to set the position of the jet 'I for the desired output. If a very thin output is desired the jet l shall be allowed to travel a distance just suiiicient for the aperture 8 to lose contact with the valve II; the quantity of liquid allowed to escape is then limited by the narrow space between the aperture 8 and the valve II.

When the jet 'l is allowed to travel slightly further, the valve IIv clears the aperture 3 enabling more liquid to escape but the escape of the liquid is still hampered by the back pressure of the air lling the inside of the nozzle. The farther the `iet 'I is allowed to travel towards the left the less it is subjected to the back pressure of the air inside the nozzle I because the aperture 8 of the jet comes closer to the aperture 3 of the nozzle where the escaping air creates a vacuum. It is understandable that the output of liquid increases in proportion as it has less back pressure to overcome to escape from the aperture 8. If

the jet travels still further towards the left, the

aperture 8 leaves the back pressure area and penetrates into the stream of accelerating air rushing through the aperture 3. This stream of accelerated air creates a suction on the aperture 8 thus increasing still further the output of liquid.

When the jet 'I reaches the location of the dotted line 'I' the aperture 8 is located right in 3 the path of the escaping air where it attains its maximum speed, and the resulting vacuum sucks the liquid out of the jet l thus increasing considerably the output of the liquid.

It appears that the nozzle as described affords a very wide margin of adjustments constantly progressing from the point where the aperture 8 leaves its seat on the valve l I. A very ne spray or an extremely large volume of spray may be obtained Without exchanging the jets.

Another advantage is due to the fact that when the jet is in the resting position its aperture is located in a back pressure area, affording a. good valve seal Without excessive spring pressure.

Another important feature is the absence of any moving valve or stem in the channel of the pipe l; this affords an unrestricted channel which can be easily cleaned as well as the jet and the valve which are kept in place only by the nozzle and the deflector 4. The nozzle is fastened by'a breech-lock and when it is removed all parts are easily taken out.

What I claim is:

l. Nozzle structure, comprising a hollow exterior nozzle having an axial outlet and an inlet for air remote from said outlet; a Valved interior nozzle spaced apart from the exterior nozzle, said interior nozzle being made up of a fixed liquiddelivery tube having a closed end and side-delivery ports, and a jet nozzle slideable longitudinally thereon, said jet nozzle having an axial opening registering with the closed end of said tube and with the said outlet of the exterior nozzle; means for normally urging said jet nozzle toward saidtube so that its said outlet is closed by the closed end of said tube; and means for moving said jet nozzle toward said outlet of the exterior nozzle.

2. Nozzle structure as recited in claim 1, wherein the exterior nozzle is removable, and a ribbed air deilector is removably positioned about the jet nozzle.

3. Nozzle structure as recitedl in claim 2, wherein a seal is provided between the exterior nozzle and the air` deilector.

4. Nozzle structure as recited in claim 3, wherein the exterior nozzle is provided with longitudinal auxiliary passages which communicate with the hollow interior thereofand terminate ad jacent and directed toward the outlet of the exterior nozzle.

5. A nozzle for the atomization of uids, comprising a tubular structure defining a channel for the supply of air under pressure; pipe means for the supply of a, iluid to be atomized, said pipe means being considerably less in diameter than said tubular structure and being mounted concentrically therewithin so as to leave open an effective air-flow channel which is considerably greater in diameter than the fluid-now channel of said pipe means, said pipe means terminating in a closed end having side-delivery ports; a jet nozzle having an outlet which registers with the closed end of said pipe means; means normally urging said jet nozzle into outlet-closing engagement with said pipe means; an external nozzle removably secured to said tubular structure to enclose said pipe means .and said jet nozzle, said external nozzle having an outlet in registry with the said outlet of the jet nozzle; and means for moving said jet nozzle toward the discharge orice of said external nozzle.

6. VA nozzle for the atomization of fluids, comprising an external nozzle provided with an axial outlet; means communicating with the interior of said external nozzle for providing air under pressure; an inner jet nozzle co-axial with said outlet; a hollow tubular supporting member mounting said jet nozzle for longitudinal sliding movement toward and away from said outlet; means communicating with the inner channel of said supporting member'for supplying the iluid to be atomized, said supporting member including a jet closure a, spring normally maintaining said jet nozzle in closing engagementwith said jet closure; and manually operated means for displacing said jet nozzle. f

7. A nozzle for the atomization of uids, comprising a hollow external nozzle provided with an axial outlet and with a fluid flow inlet remote from said outlet; an inner jet nozzle co-axial with said outlet; means mounting said jet nozzle for movement longitudinally of saidv external nozzle and toward and away from said outlet, said means embodying a jet closure and a liquid-supply conduit terminating in discharge ports disposed behind said jet closure; resilient means normally urging said jet nozzle into engagement with said jet closure; and means for moving said jet nozzle away from said jet closure and toward said outlet of the external nozzle.

CHARLES L. REINHOLD.

REFEREN CES CITED The following references are of record in the iile of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,380,950 Fornwalt June 7, 1921 2,121,924 Newlin June 28, 1938 2,259,215 Scheurer Oct. 14, 1941 2,457,993 Fletcher et al. Jan. 4, 1949 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 277,067 Germany July 27, 1914 

